Der Plusquamperfekt (past perfect)

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Funktionsweisen des Plusquamperfekt

Der Plusquamperfekt (past perfect) bezieht sich auf eine Handlung, die vor einer anderen Handlung in der Vergangenheit stattfand. Es ist für die Satzstellung nicht wichtig, welches Ereignis als erstes erwähnt wird, durch die Zeitform erschliesst sich, was zuerst geschah.

In diesen Beispielen passiert Ereignis A vor Ereignis B:

Ereignis A Ereignis B
John had gone out when I arrived in the office.
Ereignis A Ereignis B
I had saved my document before the computer crashed.
Ereignis B Ereignis A
When they arrived we had already started cooking.
Ereignis B Ereignis A
He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.

De Bildung des 'past perfect'

Das 'Past Perfect' im Englischen wird aus zwei Teilen gebildet: die Vergangenheitsform von to have (had) + das Partizip Perfekt des Hauptverbs.

Subjekt had Partizip Perfekt
Bejahend
She had given.
Verneinend
She hadn't asked.
Frage
Had they arrived?
Negative Frage
Hadn't you finished?
To decide, past perfect
Bejahend Verneinend Frage
I had decided I hadn't decided Had I decided?
You had decided You hadn't decided Had you decided?
She had decided She hadn't decided Had she decided?
We had decided We hadn't decided Had we decided?
They had decided They hadn't decided Had they decided?

Past perfect + just

'Just' wird mit dem 'past perfect' verwendet um darauf hinzuweisen, daß ein Ereignis nur kurz vorher geschehen ist. z.B.:

  • The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
  • She had just left the room when the police arrived.
  • I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.
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